Yong Wei, Jiatian Wang, Zhangyao Song, Yulan He, Zihao Zheng, Peiyang Fan, Dizi Yang, Guofa Zhou, Daibin Zhong, Xueli Zheng*

ABSTRACT

Background: The Asian tiger mosquito, Aedes albopictus, is one of the 100 worst invasive species in the world and the vector for several arboviruses including dengue, Zika and chikungunya viruses. Understanding the population spatial genetic structure, migration, and gene fow of vector species is critical to effectively preventing and controlling vector-borne diseases. Little is known about the population structure and genetic diferentiation of native Ae. albopictus in China. The aim of this study was to examine the patterns of the spatial genetic structures of native Ae. albopictus populations, and their relationship to dengue incidence, on a large geographical scale.

Methods: During 2016–2018, adult female Ae. albopictus mosquitoes were collected by human landing catch (HLC) or human-bait sweep-net collections in 34 localities across China. Thirteen microsatellite markers were used to exam ine the patterns of genetic diversity, population structure, and gene fow among native Ae. albopictus populations. The correlation between population genetic indices and dengue incidence was also examined.

Results: A total of 153 distinct alleles were identifed at the 13 microsatellite loci in the tested populations. All loci were polymorphic, with the number of distinct alleles ranging from eight to sixteen. Genetic parameters such as PIC, heterozygosity, allelic richness and fxation index (FST) revealed highly polymorphic markers, high genetic diversity, and low population genetic diferentiation. In addition, Bayesian analysis of population structure showed two distinct genetic groups in southern-western and eastern-central-northern China. The Mantel test indicated a positive cor relation between genetic distance and geographical distance (R2 = 0.245, P = 0.01). STRUCTURE analysis, PCoA and GLS interpolation analysis indicated that Ae. albopictus populations in China were regionally clustered. Gene fow and relatedness estimates were generally high between populations. We observed no correlation between population genetic indices of microsatellite loci in Ae. albopictus populations and dengue incidence.

Conclusion: Strong gene fow probably assisted by human activities inhibited population diferentiation and pro moted genetic diversity among populations of Ae. albopictus. This may represent a potential risk of rapid spread of mosquito-borne diseases. The spatial genetic structure, coupled with the association between genetic indices and dengue incidence, may have important implications for understanding the epidemiology, prevention, and control of vector-borne diseases.

Parasites & Vectors. 2019, 12:552

DOI : https://doi.org/10.1186/s13071-019-3801-4